Kant en klare voeding en
depressies*
Uit een Spaanse studie onder ruim 12.000 mensen van gemiddeld 37 jaar die ruim zes jaar gevolgd werden blijkt dat een dieet rijk aan
transvetten en verzadigd vet de kans op een depressie flink doet toenemen.
De onnatuurlijke transvetten zitten voornamelijk in fastfood, kant en klare voeding en
bakkerijproducten. Hoe meer transvetten in de voeding hoe hoger de kans op een depressie. Voeding rijk aan enkelvoudig
zoals in olijfolie en meervoudig onverzadigde vetzuren zoals de
omega-3 vetzuren doet daarentegen de kans op een depressie afnemen.
Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of
Depression: The SUN Project
Almudena Sánchez-Villegas1,2*, Lisa Verberne1,3, Jokin De Irala2, Miguel Ruíz-Canela2, Estefanía Toledo2, Lluis Serra-Majem1, Miguel Angel Martínez-González2
1 Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, 2 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 3 Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Abstract Top
Emerging evidence relates some nutritional factors to depression risk. However, there is a scarcity of longitudinal assessments on this relationship.
Objective
To evaluate the association between fatty acid intake or the use of culinary fats and depression incidence in a Mediterranean population.
Material and Methods
Prospective cohort study (1999–2010) of 12,059 Spanish university graduates (mean age: 37.5 years) initially free of depression with permanently open enrolment. At baseline, a 136-item validated food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate the intake of fatty acids (saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), trans unsaturated fatty acids (TFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and culinary fats (olive oil, seed oils, butter and margarine) During follow-up participants were classified as incident cases of depression if they reported a new clinical diagnosis of depression by a physician and/or initiated the use of antidepressant drugs. Cox regression models were used to calculate Hazard Ratios (HR) of incident depression and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for successive quintiles of fats.
Results
During follow-up (median: 6.1 years), 657 new cases of depression were identified. Multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for depression incidence across successive quintiles of TFA intake were: 1 (ref), 1.08 (0.82–1.43), 1.17 (0.88–1.53), 1.28 (0.97–1.68), 1.42 (1.09–1.84) with a significant dose-response relationship (p for trend = 0.003). Results did not substantially change after adjusting for potential lifestyle or dietary confounders, including adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern. On the other hand, an inverse and significant dose-response relationship was obtained for MUFA (p for trend = 0.05) and PUFA (p for trend = 0.03) intake.
Conclusions
A detrimental relationship was found between TFA intake and depression risk, whereas weak inverse associations were found for MUFA, PUFA and olive oil. These findings suggest that cardiovascular disease and depression may share some common nutritional determinants related to subtypes of fat intake.
(Mei 2011)
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