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Overgewicht,
bewegen en de kans op hartfalen*
Uit een studie onder ruim 21.000 mannen blijkt dat zowel overgewicht als het
niet bewegen de kans op hartfalen wel met bijna 300% kunnen doen toenemen.
Hieronder de verschillende risicopercentages bij al dan niet overgewicht en/of
bewegen.
·
BMI <25 en inactief - 19%
·
BMI = 25-30 en actief - 49%
·
BMI = 25-30 en inactief - 78%
·
BMI >30 en actief - 168%
·
BMI >30 en inactief - 293%
Two
Important Ways to Lower Risk of Heart Failure
A man who is obese and inactive can have a risk of getting heart failure which
is as much as three times that of a lean and active counterpart, a study
conducted at Brigham and Women`s Hospital has found. And heightened heart
failure risk applied not just to obese men, but also to those who were simply
overweight.
Details of Study
The large prospective cohort study was published in Circulation: Journal of the
American Heart Association and was led by Satish Kenchaiah, MD. The study team
had made use of data of 21,091 men from the Physician`s Health Study. The men
were aged 40 to 84 at the start of the study (mean age of 53) and did not have
any known heart disease. From the commencement of the study in 1982, the study
subjects filled in annual health surveys, and occurrence of heart failure was
tracked from that year to 2007.
Excess Weight Raises Heart Failure Risk
The study found that there was an 11% increase in risk of heart failure per
increase of 1-kg/m2 in body mass index (BMI). In addition, with lean study
subjects (BMI <25 kg/m2) as the base group, it was found that overweight men
(BMI of 25 to 29.9 kg/m2) had a 49% higher risk of heart failure, while men who
were obese (BMI 30 kg/m2) experienced a 180% higher risk.
"Whereas previous studies have established that obese men have a higher
likelihood of developing heart failure, the present investigation has extended
this knowledge by pointing out that even overweight or pre-obese men are not
spared from this increased risk," said Dr Kenchaiah.
Lack of Vigorous Physical Activity Also Raises Heart Failure Risk
Further, undertaking vigorous physical activity offered an 18% reduction in
heart failure risk. The research team had defined "vigorous physical
activity" as a dichotomous variable - the men were either "active",
which meant they undertook exercise that caused sweating 1 to 3 times each month,
or "inactive", which meant rare or no occurrences of such activity.
With more exercise, the protective effects were enhanced. In comparing men who
exercised vigorously 5 to 7 times each week to men who did not have such
physical activity at all, the former group had a 36% lower risk of heart failure.
Combined Effect of Healthy Weight and Vigorous Physical Activity
Using men who were both physically active and lean as the base group, the risk
of heart failure was higher for all the other groups by the following respective
amounts:
* lean and inactive - 19%
* overweight and active - 49%
* overweight and inactive - 78%
* obese and active - 168%
* obese and inactive - 293%
Significantly, it was also found that weight and physical activity did not seem
to influence each other`s impact on heart failure risk. In other words, whether
you are heavy or light, exercise helps, while whether or not you exercise, being
heavier heightens your risk. "Higher [body mass index] increased the risk
of heart failure in active and inactive men. By the same token, the beneficial
effect of vigorous physical activity in reducing the risk of heart failure was
observed in lean, overweight, and also obese men," said Dr Kenchaiah.
Bottom line? To reduce your risk of heart failure, keep lean, and exercise
regularly often. Both are important, although, between the two, the figures seem
to imply that maintaining healthy weight offers more pronounced protection
against heart failure.
Sources
Body Mass Index and Vigorous Physical Activity and the Risk of Heart Failure
Among Men
Inactivity Increases Heart Failure Risk at All Weight Levels (Maart
2009)
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