Meeste jongeren hebben vitamine D tekort*
Uit een Europees onderzoek (Helena: Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) in 9 landen blijkt dat wel 80% van de jongeren een tekort heeft aan
vitamine D. Het onderzoek gebeurde onder jongeren tussen 12 en 18 jaar. De gemiddelde
bloedwaarden vitamine D van de jongeren was 23 ng/ml. (De geadviseerde minimale waarde is 30 ng/ml). 15% van de jongeren had een ernstig tekort (< 10 ng/ml), 27% een duidelijk tekort (< 20 ng/ml) en 39% een tekort ( < 30 ng/ml). Slechts 19% had
goede bloedwaarden vitamine D (> 30 ng/ml)
Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology
Vitamin D status among adolescents in Europe: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study
Marcela González-Grossa1a2 c1†, Jara Valtueñaa1a3†, Christina Breidenassela2, Luis A. Morenoa4a5, Marika Ferraria3, Matilde Kerstinga6, Stefaan De Henauwa7, Frederic Gottranda8, Elena Azzinia3, Kurt Widhalma9, Anthony Kafatosa10, Yannis Maniosa11 and Peter Stehlea2 on behalf of the HELENA Study Group
a1 Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martín Fierro, 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain
a2 Institut für Ernährungs- und Lebensmittelwissenschaften – Humanernährung, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
a3 National Research Institute on Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy
a4 Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
a5 Escuela Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
a6 Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität, Bonn, Germany
a7 Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
a8 Inserm U995, IFR114, University Lille 2, Lille, France
a9 Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
a10 Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete School of Medicine, Iraclion, Crete, Greece
a11 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
Abstract
An adequate vitamin D status is essential during childhood and adolescence, for its important role in cell growth, skeletal structure and development. It also reduces the risk of conditions such as CVD, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, infections and autoimmune disease. As comparable data on the European level are lacking, assessment of vitamin D concentrations was included in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study. Fasting blood samples were obtained from a subsample of 1006 adolescents (470 males; 46·8 %) with an age range of 12·5–17·5 years, selected in the ten HELENA cities in the nine European countries participating in this cross-sectional study, and analysed for 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) by ELISA using EDTA plasma. As specific reference values for adolescents are missing, percentile distribution were computed by age and sex. Median 25(OH)D levels for the whole population were 57·1 nmol/l (5th percentile 24·3 nmol/l, 95th percentile 99·05 nmol/l). Vitamin D status was classified into four groups according to international guidelines (sufficiency/optimal levels ≥ 75 nmol/l; insufficiency 50–75 nmol/l; deficiency 27·5–49·99 nmol/l and severe deficiency < 27·5 nmol/l). About 80 % of the sample had suboptimal levels (39 % had insufficient, 27 % deficient and 15 % severely deficient levels). Vitamin D concentrations increased with age (P < 0·01) and tended to decrease according to BMI. Geographical differences were also identified. Our study results indicate that vitamin D deficiency is a highly prevalent condition in European adolescents and should be a matter of concern for public health
authorities. (Oktober 2011)
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