Voedingvezels tegen hart- en vaatziekte, infecties en doodgaan*
Uit een Amerikaanse studie onder bijna vierhonderdduizend mensen die ruim negen jaar gevolgd werden blijkt dat voeding rijk aan
vezels de kans op hart- en vaatziektes en het doodgaan duidelijk kunnen verminderen. Ruim de helft van de deelnemers waren mannen die dagelijks 13 tot 29 gram voedingsvezels nuttigden. Bij de vrouwen was dat 11 tot 26 gram. Zij met de hoogste inname van voedingsvezels bleken 22% minder kans te hebben om dood te gaan tijdens de studie dan zij met de laagste dagelijkse inname. Zij met de hoogste inname van voedingsvezels bleken 24 tot 59% minder kans te hebben op hart- en vaatziektes, infecties en longproblemen dan zij met de laagste inname. Alleen vezels van volkoren
granen bleken de kans op doodgaan aan hart- en vaatziektes, kanker en longproblemen te kunnen verminderen.
Fiber Intake Associated With Reduced Risk of Death
Dietary fiber may be associated with a reduced risk of death from cardiovascular, infectious and respiratory diseases, as well as a reduced risk of death from any cause over a nine-year period, according to a report posted online that will be published in the June 14 print issue of Archives of Internal Medicine.
Fiber, the edible part of plants that resist digestion, has been hypothesized to lower risks of heart disease, some cancers, diabetes and obesity, according to background information in the article. It is known to assist with bowel movements, reduce blood cholesterol levels, improve blood glucose levels, lower blood pressure, promote weight loss and reduce inflammation and bind to potential cancer-causing agents to increase the likelihood they will be excreted by the body.
Yikyung Park, Sc.D., of the National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Md., and colleagues analyzed data from 219,123 men and 168,999 women in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at the beginning of the study in 1995 and 1996. Causes of death were determined by linking study records to national registries.
Participants' fiber intake ranged from 13 to 29 grams per day in men and from 11 to 26 grams per day in women. Over an average of nine years of follow-up, 20,126 men and 11,330 women died. Fiber intake was associated with a significantly decreased risk of total death in both men and women -- the one-fifth of men and women consuming the most fiber (29.4 grams per day for men and 25.8 grams for women) were 22 percent less likely to die than those consuming the least (12.6 grams per day for men and 10.8 grams for women).
The risk of cardiovascular, infectious and respiratory diseases was reduced by 24 percent to 56 percent in men and 34 percent to 59 percent in women with high fiber intakes. Dietary fiber from grains, but not from other sources such as fruits, was associated with reduced risks of total, cardiovascular, cancer and respiratory disease deaths in men and women.
"The findings remained robust when we corrected for dietary intake measurement error using calibration study data; in fact, the association was even stronger with measurement error correction," the authors write.
"The current Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend choosing fiber-rich fruits, vegetables and whole grains frequently and consuming 14 grams per 1,000 calories of dietary fiber," the authors conclude. "A diet rich in dietary fiber from whole plant foods may provide significant health
benefits." (Maart 2011)
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