Amandelen tegen diabetes en hart- en vaatziektes*
Uit een kleine Amerikaanse studie blijkt dat voeding rijk aan amandelen een positief effect heeft op de insulinegevoeligheid en het slechte LDL-cholesterol verlaagt. 16 weken lang kregen de deelnemers, alle oudere met een verhoogde kans op
diabetes, of gewone voeding of voeding waarvan 20% (in cal.) als amandelen. Dit is ongeveer 60 gram amandelen per dag. Na afloop bleken de deelnemers in de amandelgroep duidelijk beter insulinewaarden en lagere slecht
cholesterol (LDL) waarden te hebben. Geen verandering in gewicht werd vastgesteld.
abstract
Almond Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults with Prediabetes
Michelle Wien, DrPH, David Bleich, MD, Maya Raghuwanshi, MD, Susan Gould-Forgerite, PhD, Jacqueline Gomes, MBA, Lynn Monahan-Couch, MPH and Keiji Oda, MPH
1 University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey
2 West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania (L.M.-C.)
3 Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California (K.O.)
Address reprints to: Michelle Wien, DrPH, Loma Linda University, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, 24951 N. Circle Drive, Nichol Hall 1107, Loma Linda, CA 92350, e-mail: mwien@llu.edu
Objective The authors tested the hypothesis that in adults with prediabetes, an almond-enriched American Diabetes Association (ADA) diet improves measures of insulin sensitivity and other cardiovascular risk factors compared with an ADA nut-free diet.
Methods Design: Randomized parallel-group trial. Setting: Outpatient dietary counseling and blood analysis. Subjects: Sixty-five adult participants with prediabetes. Intervention: Sixteen weeks of dietary modification featuring an ADA diet containing 20% of energy from almonds (approximately 2 oz per day). Measures of Outcome: Outcomes included fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, TC:HDL-C, and HbA1c, which were measured at weeks 0, 8, and 16. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, and nutrient intake were measured at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16.
Results The almond-enriched intervention group exhibited greater reductions in insulin (-1.78 ľU/ml vs. +1.47 ľU/ml, p = 0.002), homeostasis model analysis for insulin resistance (-0.48 vs. +0.30, p = 0.007), and homeostasis model analysis for beta-cell function (-13.2 vs. +22.3, p = 0.001) compared with the nut-free control group. Clinically significant declines in LDL-C were found in the almond-enriched intervention group (-12.4 mg/dl vs. -0.4 mg/dl) as compared with the nut-free control group. No changes were observed in BMI (-0.4 vs. -0.7 kg/m2, p = 0.191), systolic blood pressure (-4.4 mm Hg vs. -3.5 mm Hg, p = 0.773), or for the other measured cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusions An ADA diet consisting of 20% of calories as almonds over a 16-week period is effective in improving markers of insulin sensitivity and yields clinically significant improvements in LDL-C in adults with prediabetes.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 29, No. 3, 189-197 (Januari 2011)
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