Frisdranken, koolhydraten en prostaatkanker*
Uit een Zweedse studie onder ruim 8.000 middelbare mannen die 15 jaar gevolgd werden lijkt het dat het dagelijks drinken van een blikje
frisdrank de kans op een agressieve vorm van
prostaatkanker wel met bijna 40% kan verhogen. Ook het regelmatig eten van koolhydraatrijke voeding, zoals ontbijtgranen, rijst en pasta's doet de kans op prostaatkanker ook duidelijk verhogen maar dan wel de kans op een milde vorm van prostaatkanker, die vaak geen extra behandeling nodig heeft.
Dietary intakes of carbohydrates in relation to prostate cancer risk: a prospective study in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort1,2,3
1. Isabel Drake, 2. Emily Sonestedt, 3. Bo Gullberg, 4. Göran Ahlgren, 5. Anders
Bjartell, 6. Peter Wallström, and 7. Elisabet Wirfält + Author Affiliations
1. 1From the Research Group in Nutritional Epidemiology (ID, BG, PW, and EW), Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, Genetic Epidemiology (ES), Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, and the Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (GA and AB).
+ Author Notes
· ↵2 Supported by the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, the Swedish Cancer Society, the Albert Påhlsson Foundation for Scientific Research, the Gunnar Nilsson Cancer Foundation, Skåne University Hospital – Foundations and Donations, the Malmö General Hospital Foundation for the Combating of Cancer, and the Ernhold Lundström Foundation for Scientific Research.
· ↵3 Address correspondence to I Drake, Research Group in Nutrition Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Center Entrance 72, 60:13, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden. E-mail: isabel.drake@med.lu.se.
Abstract
Background: Dietary carbohydrates have been implicated in relation to prostate cancer.
Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations between dietary intakes of carbohydrates, fiber, and their food sources and risk of prostate cancer, overall and by case severity, in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort.
Design: The analysis included 8128 men aged 45–73 y without a history of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes and who were classified as adequate energy reporters. After a median follow-up time of 15 y, prostate cancer was diagnosed in 817 men. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to model associations between energy-adjusted nutrient and food intakes with risk of incident prostate cancer, with competing risk of death from non–prostate cancer causes taken into account.
Results: After adjustment for age and other known or potential risk factors, we observed no associations between total carbohydrates or dietary fiber and prostate cancer. We observed positive associations between the intake of low-fiber cereals with overall and low-risk prostate cancer and between intakes of cake and biscuits and rice and pasta with low-risk prostate cancer (all P-trend < 0.05). A high intake compared with zero consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with increased risk of symptomatic prostate cancer (HR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.84).
Conclusions: Results from this large study with high-validity dietary data suggest that a high intake of refined carbohydrates may be associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. However we observed no significant associations with high-risk prostate cancer, and not all foods that are typically high in refined carbohydrates were associated with prostate cancer.
(November 2012)
Reacties: