Muziek en alcoholgebruik*
Uit een Franse studie blijkt dat het geluidsniveau van muziek in een bar van invloed is op het alcoholgebruik. Veertig mannen tussen de 18 en 25 jaar werden onopvallend gevolgd door de wetenschappers. Het geluidsniveau van de muziek (de Top 40) werd willekeurig veranderd van normaal (72 dB) naar luid (88 dB).
Duidelijk werd dat bij luide muziek meer alcohol gebruikt werd en ook nog in kortere tijd.
Overindulgence Of Alcohol Encouraged By Loud Music
Commercial venues are very aware of the effects that the environment - in this case, music - can have on in-store traffic flow, sales volumes, product choices, and consumer time spent in the immediate vicinity. A study of the effects of music levels on drinking in a bar setting has found that loud music leads to more drinking in less time.
Results will be published in the October issue of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research.
"Previous research had shown that fast music can cause fast drinking, and that music versus no music can cause a person to spend more time in a bar," said Nicolas Guéguen, a professor of behavioral sciences at the Université de Bretagne-Sud in France, and corresponding author for the study. "This is the first time that an experimental approach in a real context found the effects of loud music on alcohol consumption."
Researchers discretely visited two bars for three Saturday evenings in a medium-size city located in the west of France. The study subjects, 40 males 18 to 25 years of age, were unaware that they were being observed; only those who ordered a glass of draft beer (25 cl. or 8 oz.) were included. With permission from the bar owners, observers would randomly manipulate the sound levels (either 72 dB, considered normal, or 88 dB, considered high) of the music in the bar (Top 40 songs) before choosing a participant. After the observed participant left the bar, sound levels were again randomly selected and a new participant was chosen.
Results showed that high sound levels led to increased drinking, within a decreased amount of time.
Guéguen and his colleagues offered two hypotheses for why this may have occurred. "One, in agreement with previous research on music, food and drink, high sound levels may have caused higher arousal, which led the subjects to drink faster and to order more drinks,"" said Guéguen. "Two, loud music may have had a negative effect on social interaction in the bar, so that patrons drank more because they talked
less."
In France, observed Guéguen, more than 70,000 persons per year die because of chronic alcohol consumption, and alcohol is associated with the majority of fatal car accidents. "We have shown that environmental music played in a bar is associated with an increase in drinking," he said. "We need to encourage bar owners to play music at more of a moderate level ... and make consumers aware that loud music can influence their alcohol consumption."
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research (ACER) is the official journal of the Research Society on Alcoholism and the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism. Co-authors of the ACER paper, "Sound Level of Environmental Music and Drinking Behavior: A Field Experiment with Beer Drinkers," were: C. Jacob, H. Le Guellec, and T. Morineau of the Université de Bretagne-Sud; and M. Lourel of the Université de Rouen. The study was funded by the Centre de Recherches en Psychologie, Cognition & Communication through the Université de Bretagne-Sud.
Source: Nicolas Guéguen, Ph.D.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research (September
2008)
