Een mediterraan dieet tijdens de zwangerschap goed voor baby*
Een mediterraan dieet tijdens de zwangerschap, met veel groenten, fruit, volkoren granen, noten en olijfolie blijkt volgens een Griekse studie de kans op astma-achtige aandoeningen bij de baby duidelijk te kunnen verminderen. Gedurende 6,5 jaar werden 460 moeders en hun kinderen gevolgd. De kinderen van de vrouwen die in de zwangerschap een dieet hadden wat het meest een mediterraan dieet benaderde hadden op de leeftijd van 6 duidelijk minder atopische allergieën.
A Mediterranean diet during pregnancy guards against childhood asthma
MedWire News: Strict adherence to a Mediterranean diet rich in fruit and vegetables, legumes, nuts, and wholegrain cereals during pregnancy protects against asthma-like symptoms and atopy in childhood, according to the results of Greek research published in the journal Thorax.
Leda Chatzi (University of Crete, Heraklion) and colleagues explain that the protective effects of the Mediterranean diet probably reflect high fetal exposure to several antioxidant compounds, which protect against oxidative stress damage in lung tissues.
Chatzi and team used data from a birth cohort of 460 women and their 460 children who were followed-up to 6.5 years of age to assess whether maternal adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and children’s adherence to the same type of diet have an impact on asthma symptoms and atopy in childhood.
Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire of 96 food items.
During follow-up, parents completed questionnaires on their children’s respiratory and allergic symptoms and skin prick tests were performed on Children and mothers to determine
atopy.
The prevalence of persistent wheeze, atopic wheeze, and atopy at age 6.5 years were 13.2%, 5.8%, and 17.0%, respectively. About a third (n=166, 36.1%) of the mothers had a low-quality Mediterranean diet during pregnancy according to the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), while the rest had a high-quality Mediterranean
diet.
A high MDS during pregnancy was protective against persistent wheeze, atopic wheeze, and atopy in offspring at age 6.5 years after adjusting for potential confounders, at respective odds ratios of 0.22, 0.30, and 0.55.
Regression analysis showed that a high level of adherence to a Mediterranean diet in childhood was protective against persistent wheeze, atopic wheeze, and atopy at age 6.5
years.
“We observed a reduced risk of wheeze and atopy among children at age 6.5 years whose mothers had a high adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy,” the authors
write.
“Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of this protective effect and the most relevant window of
exposure.”
Thorax 2008; Advance online publication (Februari
2008)
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